Dance History›Global African Warrior, Ceremonial & Urban›Gese
Global African Warrior, Ceremonial & UrbanGEX

Gese

OriginNigeria (Yoruba)
Era-1000–Present

History & Cultural Context

Gese is a Yoruba drum-and-dance tradition of southwestern Nigeria, associated with the towns of Okeigbo and Ifetedo (Ondo and Osun States) and named after the Gese drum. It serves both ritual functions — deity worship, funerals, the coronation of Obas, and title-takings — and social celebration such as house-warmings. Its documented national prominence dates to a 1969–70 competition era, with international performances in the early 1980s (including the 1982 Commonwealth Games in Brisbane).

Musically it is built on a Yoruba drum ensemble (with drums such as the Iya-Ilu or mother drum, Gudugudu, and Gangan), and the dance is interpretive: performers translate specific drum patterns into distinct step typologies, with different deities receiving unique beats and steps in a call-and-response relationship between drummer and dancer. Dancers appear barefoot, adorned in Aso-Oke cloth, beaded accessories and horse-tail props.

Note: precise founding date, tempo and other structured details are not documented in available authoritative sources and are therefore left blank rather than estimated. "Gese" should not be confused with the unrelated Haitian "Gede," the Yoruba "Gelede," or the Wodaabe "Guérewol."

Sources: J.O. Ojuade, "Dance Culture and Development in Nigeria: A Study of Gese Dance of the Yorubas"; https://refinedng.com/gese-dance/

Gese Music & Tempo

Drawn from 17 Gese tracks in the LODance music library.

Example tracks at practice tempo

  • Elewe Dance Music of Oro: Ese and Aluwasi — Elewe Egungun singers and drummers
  • Elewe Dance Music of Oro: Asida, Siko — Elewe Egungun drummers
  • Elewe Dance Music of Oro: Continuation (2) — Elewe Egungun drummers
  • Bata Drums: For Egungun — Yoruba batá drummers
  • Elewe Music: Aluwasi — Elewe Egungun singers and drummers
  • Elewe Dance Music of Oro: Siko (2) — Elewe Egungun drummers
Browse & play all 17 Gesetracks in the Music Library →

What to Wear

Attire guidance for Gese and other Global African dances. Each card below is sized to the moment — class, practice, social, or competition — because the wardrobe shifts as the stakes do.

Reading the cards

Class — group instruction; comfort first.
Practice — rehearsal; dress like the dance.
Social — public dance floor; smart casual to formal.
Competition — judged events; rule-bound costume.

In Class

Loose, breathable clothing that allows full-body movement. Bare feet common in many African dance traditions. Brightly colored fabrics and wraps are welcome.

Social Dancing

Culturally expressive: traditional fabrics (ankara, kente), wraps, and dance-specific attire vary by tradition and community event.

Competition

Performance ensembles in traditional attire specific to the dance's cultural origin. Authenticity and cultural respect are paramount.

Shoes

Many traditions are danced barefoot. When shoes are worn: flexible flat shoes or dance sandals. Some urban styles (Afrobeats) use sneakers.

🎯

In Practice

Barefoot in most traditional forms; check with the instructor before assuming. Urban African forms (Afrobeats, kuduro) often use sneakers.

Price Range

  • Budget: No shoes needed for most traditional forms; loose breathable clothing from existing wardrobe.
  • Mid: Wraps and traditional fabric pieces $30–150 depending on craftsmanship.
  • Premium: Authentic ceremonial costumes commissioned through community networks — pricing varies significantly by tradition.

Quick Tips

  • •Suede-soled shoes allow controlled sliding and pivoting — essential for most partner dances.
  • •Avoid rubber soles on dance floors; they grip too much and can cause knee injuries.
  • •Bring a separate pair of clean shoes for the dance floor to keep it in good condition.
Evolution of Dance Attire →Shop the look · Gear Guide →

Sources & Further Reading

Cultural & Historical Context

Gese emerged from Nigeria (Yoruba) during the -1000s—present day. Understanding the cultural roots, musical traditions, and social circumstances of this era enriches appreciation for the dance's characteristics and significance.

Primary Source Documents

The Library of Dance contains public-domain primary sources for dance history. Copyrighted modern syllabi are indexed with purchase links to their respective copyright owners. Search by dance name or codifier to discover primary source documents.

Last reviewed: August 2026 — This dance profile synthesizes historical research, cultural documentation, and contemporary practice knowledge to provide authoritative context.

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Global African Warrior, Ceremonial & Urban in art

Browse the gallery →

Works from the wider Global African Warrior, Ceremonial & Urban tradition — we have not yet identified enough that depict Gese specifically.

Silhouetted African figure dancing with raised leg and open arms, watched by seated audience in minimal landscape with trees.

The dance

Unknown artist · 2019

A dynamic figure leaps with one leg extended, watched by a crowd, while another figure holds a vertical staff.

The dance

Unknown artist

Five figures in geometric patterned dress lean toward a large striped drum, their bodies and arms in varied gestures of engagement and response.

"Dance to the Talking Drum", 1963 - NARA - 558973

Godfrey A. Okiki · 1963

An 18th-century engraving showing two central figures dancing vigorously with raised arms and bent knees, surrounded by dozens of seated and standing onlookers

Ballo degli Ottentoti, 1765 – BEIC IE8955117

Unknown artist · 1765

Engraving of a figure in ornate costume with feathered headdress, one leg raised, arm spread, standing in a tropical landscape.

Costumes de Differents Pays, 'Dansseuse de Loango' LACMA M.83.190.315

Jacques Grasset de Saint-Sauveur (France, 1757-1810), Labrousse (France, Bordeaux, active late 18th century) · 1797

Colonial painting of enslaved Gullah people with instruments and a European man in blue coat on a plantation terrace.

Gullah s carolina 1790

John Rose · 1780

Engraving showing a central figure with raised arms surrounded by a dense crowd of women in patterned dress within a vast arched hall.

König Munsa tanzt vor seinen Weibern

Unknown · 1874

Two African dancers in elaborate plumed headdresses perform energetically before a seated crowd in a village clearing.

Seven Years in South Africa, page 169, Kishi dance

Karel Liebscher · 1881

A muscular figure with raised arms leaps upward across a woven surface in an ecstatic gesture, rendered in fine engraved lines.

Seven Years in South Africa, page 229, the prophetic dance of the masupias

Unknown · 1881

Engraving showing a Juba dancer in forward bend with extended arms, surrounded by spectators clapping and gesturing, with a seated musician playing a stringed

The Juba Dance

H. Hemlick · 1895

Woodcut of nude figures dancing in a jungle setting with raised arms and leaping poses around a central standing woman.

Sacrificial Dance

Robert Gibbings

Black-and-white photograph of approximately a dozen African women in traditional dress gathered outdoors, with arms raised and bodies in varied postures

M0001010: Photograph of three African women dancing

Unknown artist

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